Basic information for topics, such as "What is it?" and "How many people are afflicted?" is available in the Condition Information department. In addition, Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) that are specific to a certain topic are answered in this section.

Are there disorders or atmospheric condition associated with KS?
Can KS pb to cancer?
If I take KS, will I be able to get a woman pregnant?
If my son, family fellow member, partner, or spouse is diagnosed with XXY status, how can I help him and the family?
What is the best style to teach or communicate with males who have KS?

Are in that location disorders or conditions associated with KS?

Males with KS are at college risk for another health conditions, for reasons that are not fully understood. Just these risks tin be minimized past paying attention to symptoms and treating them appropriately.

Associated conditions include:

  • Autoimmune disorders, such equally type i diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, hypothyroidism, and lupus. In these disorders, the immune cells assail parts of the body instead of protecting them.
  • Breast cancer. Males with KS have a higher risk of developing this cancer, although still a lower risk than females'. XXY males should pay attending to whatsoever changes in their breasts, such as lumps or any leakage from the nipple, and should see their health intendance provider correct abroad if they have any concerns.
  • Venous (pronounced VEE-nuss) disease, or diseases of the arteries and veins. Some of these include:
    • Varicose veins
    • Deep vein thrombosis (pronounced thrahm-BOW-siss), a claret clot in a deep vein
    • Pulmonary embolism (pronounced PUHL-muh-ner-ee EM-buh-liz-uhm), a blockage of an artery in the lungs
    • To reduce their risk, males tin continue a normal body weight; get regular, moderate concrete activeness; quit smoking; and avoid sitting or standing in the same position for long periods of fourth dimension. If venous diseases develop, they can be treated in different ways, depending on their severity. For instance, some treatments include wearing compression socks and others require taking blood thinner medications.
  • Tooth decay. Almost half of men with KS take taurodontism (pronounced tawr-oh-DAWNT-iz-uhm), a dental problem in which the teeth have larger-than-normal chambers for property pulp (the soft tissue that contains nervus endings and blood vessels) and shorter-than-normal molar roots, both of which get in easier for tooth decay to develop. Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene habits will assist prevent, grab, and treat problems.1
  • Osteoporosis (pronounced os-tee-oh-puh-ROH-sis), in which basic lose calcium, go brittle, and intermission more easily, may develop over time in KS males who take low testosterone levels for long periods of time. Testosterone treatment; regular, moderate physical activity; and eating a healthy diet can decrease the take a chance of osteoporosis. If the illness develops, medications can help limit its severity.

Can KS lead to cancer?

Compared with the general male population, men with KS may have a higher chance over time of getting breast cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and lung cancer. At that place are ways to reduce this risk, such equally removing the breasts and fugitive employ of tobacco products. In general, XXY males are also at lower risk for prostate cancer.2

If I accept KS, will I be able to get a adult female pregnant?

It is possible that an XXY male could become a woman significant naturally. Although sperm are found in more 50% of men with KSthree, low sperm production could make conception very difficult.

A few men with KS have recently been able to father a biologically related child by undergoing assisted fertility services, specifically, a procedure called  testicular sperm extraction with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (TESE-ICSI). TESE-ICSI, this carries a slightly college risk of chromosomal disorders in the child, including having an actress Ten.4

If my son, family member, partner, or spouse is diagnosed with XXY condition, how can I help him and the family?

If someone you know is diagnosed with KS:

  • Recognize your feelings. It is natural for parents or family unit members to feel that they have done something to cause KS. Only, remember it is a genetic disorder that occurs at random—in that location is nothing yous could have done or not washed to prevent it from happening. Allow yourself and your family time to deal with your feelings. Talk with your health care provider about your concerns.
  • Educate yourself about the disorder. Information technology is common to fear the unknown. Educate yourself virtually the XXY condition and its symptoms so you know how you can assistance your son, family fellow member, or partner/spouse.
  • Support your son, family member, or partner/spouse. Provide appropriate education well-nigh KS and requite him the emotional support and encouragement he needs. Call back, most XXY males become through life with few issues, and many never observe out they have the condition.
  • Be actively involved in your son'due south, family member's, or partner's/spouse's care. Talk with your health care provider and his health care provider nearly his treatment. If counseling for behavioral problems is needed, or if special learning environments or methods are needed, get help from qualified professionals who have experience working with XXY males.
  • Encourage your son, family member, partner/spouse to do activities to better his physical motor skills, such as karate or swimming.
  • Work with your teachers/educators and supervisors/co-workers.
    • Contact these people regularly to compare how he is doing at home and at school/work.
    • When appropriate, encourage him to talk with his teachers, educators, supervisor, and co-workers. Suggest using brief notes, telephone calls, and meetings to identify issues and advise solutions.
  • Encourage your son'due south, family fellow member's, partner's/spouse's independence. Although it is important to be supportive, realize that watching over too much tin ship the bulletin that you recollect he is not able to do things on his own.
  • Share the following information with wellness care providers about XXY problems: 5
XXY males may have Consider recommending
Delayed early expressive language and speech communication milestones Early speech therapy and linguistic communication evaluation
Difficulty during transition from uncomplicated school to middle schoolhouse or high schoolhouse Re-testing to identify learning areas that require extra attending at or before entrance to middle/high school
Difficulty with math at all ages Testing to identify problem areas and remediation for math disabilities
Difficulty with circuitous language processing, specifically with understanding and creating spoken linguistic communication Linguistic communication evaluation, increased opportunities to communicate through written linguistic communication, possibly getting written notes from lectures/discussions
Decreased running speed, agility, and overall strength in childhood Physical therapy, occupational therapy, activities that build forcefulness

What is the best way to teach or communicate with males who have KS?

Research has identified some ways in which educators and parents tin can amend learning and communication among XXY males, including:

  • Using images and visual clues
  • Education them new words
  • Encouraging conversation
  • Using examples in language
  • Minimizing distractions
  • Breaking tasks into small-scale steps
  • Creating opportunities for social interaction and understanding
  • Reminding them to stay focused

Citations

Open Citations

  1. Michael, J. (2008). Endodontic handling in 3 taurodontic teeth associated with 48,XXXY Klinefelter syndrome: A review and case written report. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology and Endodontology, 105(5), 670-677.
  2. Swerdlow, A.J., Schoemaker, Thou.J., Higgins, C.D., Wright, A.F., & Jacobs, P.A.; UK Clinical Cytogenetics Group. (2005). Cancer incidence and mortality in men with Klinefelter syndrome: A cohort study. Journal of the National Cancer Institute , 97(16),1204-1210.
  3. Paduch, D.A., Fine, R.G., Bolyakov, A., & Kiper, J. (2008). New concepts in Klinefelter syndrome. Electric current Stance in Urology , 18(half-dozen), 621-627.
  4. Staessen, C., Tournaye, H., Van Assche, E., Michiels, A., Van Landryt, 50., Devroey, P., et al. (2003). PGD in 47,XXY Klinefelter'due south syndrome patients. Human being Reproduction Update , 9(iv), 319-330.
  5. Simpson, J.L., de la Cruz, F., Swerdloff, R.F., Samanga-Sprouse, C., Skakkebaek, Northward.Eastward., Graham, J.M. Jr., et al. (2003). Klinefelter syndrome: Expanding the phenotype and identifying new research directions. Genetics in Medicine , 5(6), 460-468.

top of pageDorsum TO TOP